Hana
Hoʻopili ʻia ka mea hopu ma waena o ke kaula a me ka lepo, ma ke ʻano maʻamau me nā lako pale.Hiki i ka mea hopu ke pale pono i ka lako kamaʻilio.I ka manawa e puka mai ai ka volta maʻamau, e hana ka mea hopu a pāʻani i kahi hana pale.Ke holo nei ke kaula kamaʻilio a i ʻole nā mea hana ma lalo o ka uila hana maʻamau, ʻaʻole e hana ka mea hopu, a manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he kaapuni hāmama i ka honua.Ke hiki mai ka volta kiʻekiʻe a pilikia ka insulation o nā mea hana i pale ʻia, e hana koke ka mea hopu e alakaʻi i ke kahe kiʻekiʻe-voltage i ka honua, a laila e kaupalena ʻia ka amplitude voltage a pale i ka insulation o nā kaula kamaʻilio a me nā mea hana.Ke nalowale ka overvoltage, e hoʻi koke ka mea hopu i kona kūlana mua, i hiki ke hana maʻamau ka laina kamaʻilio.
No laila, ʻo ka hana nui o ka mea hopu e ʻoki i ka nalu kahe e hoʻoemi a hoʻemi i ka waiwai overvoltage o nā mea hana i pale ʻia ma o ka hana o ka parallel discharge gap a i ʻole ka mea pale nonlinear, no laila e pale ai i ka laina kamaʻilio a me nā mea hana.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hopu uila ʻaʻole wale e pale aku i nā voltages kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e ka uila, akā e pale pū i ka hana ʻana i nā volta kiʻekiʻe.